Elizabeth Patterson may refer to:

• Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte (1785–1879), first wife of Jérôme Bonaparte, and sister-in-law of Emperor Napoleon I of France
• Liz J. Patterson (born 1939), U.S. Representative from South Carolina
• Elizabeth Patterson (actress) (1874–1966), American actress
• Elizabeth Gregg Patterson (1904–1987), American short story writer
• Elizabeth Patterson, a fictional character from Lynn Johnston's For Better or For Worse comic strip
• Elizabeth Patterson, mayor of Benicia, California
• Beth Patterson, Irish musician
• Elizabeth Patterson (artist) (born 1954), American artist